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The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules 2025 , were officially notified on November 2025 .This notification operationalized the Digital Personal Data Protection Act , 2023 , and established the Data Protection Board of India . The theoretical framework governing India’s 2026 cybersecurity strategy centers on "Digital Integrity and Algorithmic Accountability," treating deepfakes and "digital arrest" scams as fundamental violations of the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act , 2023 . This approach redefines personal likeness—including voice and facial features—as sensitive biometric data , meaning any unauthorized synthetic recreation constitutes a severe data breach punishable by penalties up to ₹250 crore . By shifting the legal burden through the "Duty of Care" doctrine , the government mandates that platforms implement "Privacy by Design," where AI models must be pre-vetted for potential misuse before public deployment .This is reinforced by the "Content Provenance" theory , which requires mandatory cryptographic watermarking and visible labeling on all AI-generated media ensuring that the origin of digital information is verifiable .